Regulations

Suitable footwear should be provided under ISM and ILO.

A full analysis of Regulation has not been completed. Items found so far include:

Resolution MSC.144(76) Regulation 3-6 Access to and within spaces in the cargo area of oil tankers and bulk carriers Resolution MSC.133(76) Adoption of Technical Provisions for Means of Access for Inspections.

There have been amendments to these concerning implementation (rather than technical criteria).

MSC.133(76) includes the statement;

"Ships should be designed and built with due consideration as to how they will be surveyed by flag State inspectors and classification society surveyors during their in-service life and how the crew will be able to monitor the condition of the ship. Without adequate access, the structural condition of the ship can deteriorate undetected and major structural failure can arise. A comprehensive approach to design and maintenance is required to cover the whole projected life of the ship."

IACS has produced UI SC 190 and 191 to address these regulations. The UISC document can be downloaded from the IACS website.

There are some regulatory requirements and recommendations for non-slip surfaces but these do not appear to be comprehensive.

Initiatives and guidelines

Please add to the end of the list if you have any good material.

Through Life

1. Geiger, M.B., 2004, 'Application of System Safety to Prevention of Falls from Height in Design of Facilities, Ships and Support Equipment for Weapons Systems' Proceedings of the 23rd International System Safety Conference.

2. Liberian Delegation, 2004, 'Role of the Human Element: Ergonomics' Submitted to IMO MSC/MEPC Joint Working Group on the Human Element.

Design

3. American Bureau of Shipping 2003, Guidance Notes for the Application of Ergonomics to Marine Systems http://www.eagle.org/default.html

Build

4. SSHSCC (Shipbuilding and Shiprepairing Health and Safety Consultative Committee) Minutes of 45th, 46th, 49th, 50th meetings and associated papers.

5. Hudock, S.D., 2003, 'Compendium of Ergonomic Analyses of Shipyard Work Processes', 'NIOSH Ergonomic Interventions in the Building, Repair, and Dismantling of Ships', 'Ergonomic Solutions in Shipyards' http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ergship/ergship.html

6. SCA (Shipbuilders Council of America) http://www.shipbuilders.org/root.asp?guid=313 training package and video on "ergonomics" in shipyards, 'Voluntary Guidelines for Ergonomics in Shipyards'. 'Best Practices Guide for Slips,Trips, and Falls Prevention' (Available to U.S. shipyards only).

7. OSHA Shipyard employment etool http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/shipyard/index.html.

8. ASE_912002 "Final Ergonomic Guidelines Project Workshop" http://www.nsrp.org/projects/ergo_deliverables.html

Use, Maintenance

9. Jones, P 2003, 'Musculo-Skeletal Conditions and Seafarer Fitness' Annual Maritime Health Seminar at St Thomas' Hospital London on 25th November 2003. www.mcga.gov.uk/c4mca/mcga-shs_phil_jones.ppt

10. MacKinnon, S., Albert, W. Plamondon, A. 2003, 'Motion Induced Interruptions and Operator Health and Safety' SafetyNet

11. Naval Safety Center Acquisition Safety Ergonomics/Human Systems Integration (HSI) videos "Back Injury Prevention," "Slips, Trips, Falls & Working Aloft,"

12. RINA 'Safety of General Cargo Ships', Submission to IMO MSC 77/25/4

13. Roberts S.E 2002, Hazardous occupations in Great Britain, The Lancet, Volume 360, Number 9332, pages 543-44.

14. Seafarer Health and Safety Branch 'Occupational Health and Safety Inspections' Maritime and Coastguard Agency (unpub.). Booklets in preparation. (Also use as a reference for pictures from MAIB incident reports).

15. (Australian) Seacare Authority, 2002, 'Guidance Note on Manual Handling & Body Stressing in the Australian Maritime Industry'

16. Canada Transportation Safety Board, 1995, Ship Safety Bulletin 'Falls and Fall Protection' 02/1995

17. Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) 'Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seamen Consolidated Edition February 2004' http://www.mcga.gov.uk

18. American Club 2004, 'Currents' Newsletter Issue 18. http://www.american-club.com

19. UK P&I Club 'Posters of Good and Bad Practice' http://www.ukpandi.com

20. West Country Club 1994, 1996 Gangways and Accommodation Ladders and Accidents during Mooring Operations at www.westpandi.com Also Safety Posters

Dockworking

21. Australian Maritime Safety Authority 2004, OH&S (MI) Act Incident Reports for Period 1998/99-2002/03

22. Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg Behörde für Wissenschaft und Gesundheit 'Ship Design Considerations for Stevedore Safety' Amt für Arbeitsschutz M 35 - 2002

23. HSE Information Sheet 'The freeing of jammed freight containers and container fittings on ships' Docks Sheet No 1

24. ILO Portworker Development Programme http://www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/sector/sectors/pdp/index.htm

25. Pacific Maritime Association 1998, 2001, Safety Bulletins 98-21, 01-03 Lasher Safety http://www.pmanet.org/index.cfm

26. Safer Ports Initiative 2004, Guide to Preventing Slips Trips and Falls and Vessel Design Considerations for Stevedore Safety Ports Skills and Safety Limited http://www.saferports.org.uk

27. Washington State Department of Labor and Industries 'Rules for Longshore, Stevedore and Related Waterfront Operations' WAC 296-56 http://www.lni.wa.gov/WISHA/Rules/LongshoreStevedore/default.htm

Offshore

28. The Step Change initiative http://step.steel-sci.org/ has materials under their Revitalising Health and Safety initiative (the site uses frames so precise URLs are not available).

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-- BrianSherwoodJones - 13 Jul 2005
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